Essay on "Mahatma Gandhi Ji"

Mahatma Gandhi Ji

(1) Introduction 

(2) Introduction to Life 

(3) Political Life

(4) Epilogue

 

(1) Introduction Mahatma Gandhi was originally a spiritual saint. Their original purpose was to lead a religious life. The conception was not transcendental but worldly. He considered service to humanity as the real religion, the circumstances of Mahatma Gandhi's life were such that due to those circumstances Mahatma Gandhi had to enter the political field. Forced by the circumstances, this spiritual saint not only entered the political life, but also very successfully led the people of India in the freedom struggle of India.

 

(2) Biography - Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 in a religious-minded family at a place called Porbandar in Kathiawar. His father Karamchand was the Diwan of Porbandar State. He was known for his honesty and fairness. His mother Putli Bai was a very religious woman. Mohandas was a student of modest ability in the school but very punctual and obedient to the teachers. After passing the matriculation examination, in 1888, he was sent to England to study law. Gandhiji returned from London in 1891 and started practicing law. After practicing for a few days in Kathiawar and Bombay, he went to South Africa to represent a case on behalf of a wealthy Gujarati Muslim. Seeing the black and white differences in South Africa and the pathetic condition of his countrymen, he was deeply shocked and from here his public life started. In 1906, he successfully conducted a Satyagraha against the 'Asiatic Registration Act' of the Government of South Africa. After achieving such success in South Africa, Mahatma Gandhi entered Indian politics in the year 1914.

 

(3) Political life- Gandhiji started his political career in India with the Satyagraha of Champaran. Forced the government to appoint a commission to investigate the atrocities of the white landlords on the indigo cultivators in this area. After this, a year later, he achieved unprecedented success in the 'Do not tax' movement in Kheda district and 'Majdoor movement' in Ahmedabad.

By this time Gandhiji was a devout Indian, but due to the passing of repressive laws in the form of Rowlatt Act by the British Government in 1918 and the Jallianwala massacre of April, 1919, Mahatma Gandhi did not have faith in the justice of the British Government. At the same time the Muslim section of India was also against the British government on the question of Khilafat, so Mahatmaji, who believed in Hindu unity, found it appropriate to start a movement against British rule and started a movement against British rule by mixing the question of Khilafat with the non-cooperation movement. The non-cooperation movement did important work in the direction of adopting the Indian people. But with the spread of the movement, it started taking violent form. Therefore, saddened by the Chauri-Chaura incident of February 4, 1902, Mahatma Gandhi suspended this movement when it was at its peak. Gandhiji was arrested on March 4, 1922 and sentenced to seven years in prison for the offense of sedition. But he was released on February 5, 1924, due to his deteriorating health in prison. In 1930, Gandhiji led the civil disobedience movement against the British rule and in 1942 he gave the message of 'Quit India Movement' and the slogan of 'Do or Do', the last non-violent struggle of his life.

 

In 1931, Gandhiji took part in the Second Round Table Conference by suspending the Civil Disobedience Movement on the basis of the Irwin Pact. This work of Gandhiji was an attempt in the direction of constructive politics, but due to the unholy alliance of the people's representatives and the British bureaucracy, Gandhiji did not succeed in this work. After his release from prison in May 1944, Gandhiji made every effort for the Hindu Muslim problem, but Mr. Jinnah remained adamant on the creation of Pakistan. Gandhiji was opposed to the partition of the country, but due to the British policy, the fanaticism of the Muslim League and the Hindu Muslim riots, he had to accept the partition.

 

India's independence in 1947 can be said to be the result of Gandhiji's efforts to a great extent. Apart from this, Gandhiji continued to work in different directions of public life. He always stressed on adopting creative programmes. Important work was done by him in the direction of Hindu-Muslim unity, Dalit upliftment, women's welfare, prohibition of alcohol and promotion of handloom industry etc.

 

(4) Epilogue After attaining independence, despite the efforts of Gandhiji, the communal tension increased very much and in the end the toxic fire of communalism was pacified only by his sacrifice. On January 30, 1948, a young man named Nathuram Godse killed his cosmic body by firing three bullets. At the time of his death, Einstein, the world's greatest scientist, had said, "Generations to come will scarcely believe that flesh-and-blood like them an effigy was once born on this land."

NOTE:- Mahatma Gandhiji is revered in India as the Father of the Nation. Much before the Constitution of Free India conferred the title of the Father of the Nation upon the Mahatma, it was Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose who first addressed him as such in his condolence message to the Mahatma on the demise of Kasturba.